All 160 puzzles/Puzzle 31
Puzzle 31 of 16031 bit rangeSolved: January 16, 2015

Bitcoin Puzzle 31

One of the 160 puzzle addresses created in 2015 to show how hard it is to guess a Bitcoin private key. This one has fallen: the key was found on January 16, 2015 and the prize was claimed.

Puzzle
#31
Range size
1,073,741,824
Balance
0
Status
Solved

Puzzle address

1LhE6sCTuGae42Axu1L1ZB7L96yi9irEBE
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Private key search range

The private key of this address is a number between 230 and 231, which is 1,073,741,824 possible keys. In hex, the range looks like this:

From
40000000
To
7fffffff

Revealed private key

Since this puzzle is solved, its private key is public knowledge and the prize was claimed long ago. It is shown here for reference and study: you can verify that this key really does produce the address above.

Hex
7d4fe747
WIF (compressed)
KwDiBf89QgGbjEhKnhXJuH7LrciVrZi3qYjgd9M9SmFMSCA4jQRW

Watch the search find this key

This puzzle is already solved, so the demo scans the range from the start and stops when it reaches the known key. It is a replay, not a treasure hunt.

About puzzle 31

In 2015, an anonymous user created 160 Bitcoin addresses and funded them with about 1000 BTC in total. Each address hides its private key in a range that doubles with every puzzle number: puzzle 1 uses a 1 bit range, puzzle 160 a 160 bit range. Puzzle 31 sits at the 31 bit mark, so its key is one of 1,073,741,824 candidates.

This range was small enough for conventional brute force. GPU search tools walked through the keyspace until one of them produced the matching address, and the key was confirmed on January 16, 2015. Every solved puzzle like this one calibrates the difficulty curve: it marks how far real hardware has actually reached, which makes the still standing puzzles above it all the more meaningful.

The whole series is best understood as a public experiment, not a hacking contest. These coins were placed on purpose to be found, and the solved and unsolved puzzles together map the exact frontier of what today's hardware can do against Bitcoin's cryptography. Guessing the key of a normal wallet remains astronomically out of reach: a real 256 bit key has a keyspace about 1029 times larger than even puzzle 160. Read more about the math and the quantum angle in the FAQ on the main page.